| Name |
|---|
| Steyer, Rolf |
| Schwenkmezger, Peter |
| Notz, Peter |
| Eid, Michael |
| Title | Development of the Multidimensional Mood State Questionnaire (MDBF). Primary data. |
|---|---|
| Original Title | Entwicklung des Mehrdimensionalen Befindlichkeitsfragebogens (MDBF). Primärdatensatz. |
| Citation | Steyer, R., Schwenkmezger, P., Notz, P., & Eid, M. (2004). Development of the Multidimensional Mood State Questionnaire (MDBF). Primary data. [Translated Title] (Version 1.0.0) [Data and Documentation]. Trier: Center for Research Data in Psychology: PsychData of the Leibniz Institute for Psychology Information ZPID. https://doi.org/10.5160/psychdata.srrf91en15 |
| Language of variable documentation | German |
| Responsible for Data Collection | Eid, Michael; Steyer, Rolf |
| Data Collection Completion Date | 1991 |
| Dataset Publication | 2004 |
| Dataset ID | srrf91en15 |
| Study Description | The authors of this questionnaire consider mood state to be the current mental state of an individual which can be differentiated from other mental properties and is characterized as follows (Steyer, Schwenkmezger, Notz, & Eid, 1997): Mood state is a current inner experience and inner perception of an individual (experientially represented) and not the individual's observable behavior. A mood state, as opposed to feelings, is not bound to specific objects (persons, things, events, institutions) or situations and is not tied to specific, experientially evident causes. Based on these criteria, mood states can be differentiated from attitudes, needs, and bodily sensations. In contrast to motives, mood states lack goals (intentionality) and, when compared with motives and personality characteristics, are less stable over time. The authors present a multidimensional concept of mood state. They do so based on the available evidence as well as their own exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses (Eid, Notz, Steyer, & Schwenkmezger, 1994) of the bipolarity underlying mood dimensions. The present data, originating from the development of the Mehrdimensionalen Befindlichkeitsfragebogens (MDBF, Multidimensional Mood State Questionnaire), includes the mood state ratings of 503 subjects along with a variety of other information concerning situational and personal conditions. The questionnaire was presented 4 times at intervals of about 3 weeks. In addition to the primary data, scale scores for the MDBF are presented. |
| Hypotheses | - |
| Keyphrase | multidimensional measurement of mood state, test construction, well-being & activation & nervosity, situative & personal causes of mood state, sample of 503 German subjects aged 17 to 77, primary data |
| Funding | German Research Foundation (DFG) |
| Rating | In the questionnaire manual (Steyer et al., 1997) numerous statements on the reliability and validity of the instrument are made. Reliability for the three MDBF scales G, W and R at the different points of measurement in the current dataset vary between .87 and .97. |
| Classification | Tests & Testing Psychotherapy & Psychotherapeutic Counseling Health Psychology & Medicine |
|---|---|
| Controlled Terms | Questionnaires Rating Scales Self-Evaluation Emotional States Emotions Data Collection |
| Research Method Description | Test Data |
|---|---|
| Classification of Data Collection | Standardized Survey Instrument |
| Research Instrument | The construction of the MDBF is based on Latent State Trait Theory (LST-Theory; e.g. Steyer, Ferring & Schmitt, 1992), a generalization of classical test theory that explicitly considers situative effects. In LST-Theory, the manifest test value is decomposed into a “true” state value (state) and a measurement error value. The true state value of a person is the sum of a latent personal value (trait) and a value specific to measurement occasion, dependant on the situation and the interaction between the situation and person. Besides reliability, consistency and variability (or measurement occasion specifity) are defined as further important parameters. Consistency is a measure for the degree to which interindividual differences in test value variables are induced by true differences between people. Measurement occasion specifity is a measure for the degree to which true interindividual differences in test value variables are determined by situation specific and interactional factors, making it a measure for the “change sensitivity” of a test. The consistency and specifity coefficients are proportions of variance, whose sum equals the reliability coefficient. The metrological orientation on which the MDBF is based, takes into account that emotional states are strongly situation-dependant.
Item selection is described in detail by Steyer, Schwenkmezger, Eid and Notz (1991; also see Steyer et al., 1997). An item pool was comprised of the items from 12 German-speaking mood state scales. Every item was evaluated by four graduated psychologists and four psychology students using seven exclusion criteria (e.g. "Does the item solely describe observable behavior?"; "Does the item describe a physically localizable state?"). The item selection criteria were derived from the test authors’ mood state concept and served the purpose of excluding items which are difficult to understand or semantically unsuitable. This evaluation was the basis for the selection of a total of 85 items, which were used in a pilot study with three different response scales (visual analogue scale, dichotomous rating scale, seven-point rating scale) and presented to 544 students at the University of Trier. Thereby, the dichotomous rating scale resulted in the least reliable test values, whereas the other rating scales did not differ significantly from one another. As a result of these empirical findings and in view of analyses with models for categorical variables, the authors decided on a five-point rating scale. Using factor analytic, item statistic and theoretical selection criteria, a preliminary mood state scale with 58 items, which represent the three following mood state areas, was compiled. This preliminary mood state scale was presented to 503 subjects (aged 17 to 77 years) at four points of measurement (t1-t4), each at an interval of approx. three weeks. An initial version with 32 items (Steyer, Schwenkmezger, Notz & Eid, 1994), comprised of the scales “elevated-depressed mood” (16 items), “awake-tired” (8 items) and “calm-nervous” (8 items) was developed by comparing the factor analytic results to the four points of measurement, item statistic criteria and further content-related criteria. For the final test version (Steyer et al., 1997), the scale “elevated-depressed mood” was renamed “good-bad mood” and shortened by half. In addition, one item from the scale “calm-nervous” was exchanged. The final version of the MDBF is comprised of 24 adjectives with a five-point rating scale, which correspond to the following three dimensions (conceptualized bipolarly): (1) Good-bad mood (four items characterize the pole "good mood", four items characterize the pole "bad mood"); (2) Awake-tired (four items characterize the awake pole, four items characterize the tired pole); (3) Calm-Nervous (four items characterize the calm pole, four items characterize the nervous pole). Every item is rated on a five-point intensity scale. The first category is labelled “not at all”, the fifth category “very”. The other categories are not labelled verbally. The categories are assigned the numbers one to five. Besides the long version comprised of 24 items, two parallel short forms were composed, each comprised of 12 items. For analyses the items from the "negative" mood pole (bad mood, tired, nervous) must be recoded. For every subscale, the values of the corresponding items are added up, allowing the values can vary between 8 and 40 per scale. |
| Data Collection Method | Data collection in the presence of an experimenter
- Group Administration - Paper and Pencil Data collection in the absence of an experimenter -controlled snowball system, where hired staff recruit subjects under certain stipulations and the subjects fill out the questionnaires on their own |
| Time Points | repeated measurements |
| Survey Time Period | The questionnaire was presented four times in a three-week interval:
t1: 08.04.1991-27.05.1991 t2: 15.05.1991-16.06.1991 t3: 26.05.1991-23.07.1991 t4: 14.06.1991-16.08.1991 |
| Characteristics | - |
| Population | German-speaking adolescents and adults |
| Experimental Pool | Individuals |
| Sample | The sample is a mixture of the snowball method and a survey of subjects recruited in lecture halls at the University of Trier. |
| Subject Recruitment | For the group study, students as well as citizens of the city of Trier were recruited. As it was expected that student participation would be especially high as a result of the short access route and compensation, the number of student participants was limited to a maximum of 200 people. The number of citizens that signed up for participation per telephone as a result of two newspaper advertisements was not limited. The subjects who participated at all four points of measurement received a compensation of 40.00 DM and 10.00 DM for travel costs.
As a further method for the study of subjects not part of a student population, a controlled snowball method was used. Hereby students of University of Trier were hired to recruit approx. five to ten subjects from their circle of acquaintances and organize their study participation A maximum of two of these participants were allowed to be students. The hired study staff passed the questionnaires out to their recruited participants on an arranged appointment and later collected the filled-out questionnaires. The filled-out questionnaires were then returned to the project’s scientific staff and the hired study staff received the questionnaires for the next round of surveys. At the end of the study the study staff received 10.00 DM for every recruited subject whose participated at all four points of measurement. The subjects were compensated for their participation with 40.00 DM. Although this method has the advantage of relatively low organizational effort for the survey of non-student subjects, there are several problems associated with it. For example, there is only a remote amount of control during test response, as the subject is not in the presence of the investigator while filling out the questionnaire. To eliminate as many interference factors as possible, study staff were instructed about the objectives of the study in detail. In addition, the number of subjects to be supervised was limited to a maximum of 20 people. Furthermore, the study staff were selected with care. An agreement was concluded with the study staff as well as the supervised subjects, detailing the required services and corresponding compensation. If the agreement was violated, the compensation was not paid out. Additionally, an address list complied by the study staff allowed for random checks during the study. |
| Sample Size | 503 individuals |
| Return/Drop Out | Of the initial sample of 548 subjects, 511 people participated at all points of measurement. At 7 %, the drop out rate may be considered very low. From these 511 datasets, the data from eight people were excluded because of abnormalities (e.g. incomplete data, response tendencies). |
| Gender Distribution | 58,1% female subjects (n=292)
41,9% male subjects (n=211) |
| Age Distribution | 17 to 78 years |
| Special Groups | - |
| Country | Germany |
| Region | Rhineland-Palatinate |
| City | Trier |
| Variables | Subject identification
at every point of measurement: demographic variables (age, sex, schooling, profession, household) Place, date and time where / when the questionnaire was filled out Date of data entry and identification of the person who performed data entry List of mood adjectives Words that describe emotional states Duration of sleep during the past night Statements about moods Freiburg Complaint Checklist Daily Hassles and Uplifts Freiburg Personality Inventory Smoking and drinking habits Self-Consciousness Questionnaire |
| Data Status | Complete Data Set |
|---|---|
| Original Records | Questionnaire filled out by either the subject or the experimenter containing closed and/or open answers |
| Transformation | The points of measurement were labeled 't1' to 't4' at the beginning of the variable labels. The data matrix (srrf91en15_pd) is provided with the corresponding codebook (srrf91en15_kb).
The derived scale values from the Multidimensional Mood State Scale are disclosed and contain the necessary recoding for single variables. The derived data matrix (srrf91en15_ad) as well as the transformation instructions (srrf91en15_aa) are provided. |
| Description | Primary data set with derived variables |
|---|---|
| File Name | srrf91en15_ad.txt |
| Data Content | 503 subjects, 1548 variables |
| Data Points | 503*1548=778644 data points |
| Variables | information forthcoming |
| MD5 Hash | 20d0fa21b5b87addc9c06dfa149b8235 |
| Description | Primary data set |
| File Name | srrf91en15_pd.txt |
| Data Content | 503 subjects, 1397 variables |
| Data Points | 503*1397=702691 data points |
| Variables | subject ID (1), gender (4*1=4), age (4*1=4), measurement point (4*1=4), date and time when the questionnaire was filled out (4*3=12), list of mood adjectives (4*58=232), words that describe emotional states (4*11=44), date of data entry and identification of the person who performed data entry (4*3=12), Place where the questionnaire was filled out (4*1=4), duration of sleep during the past night (4*1=4), statements about moods (4*15=60), Freiburg Complaint Checklist (4*21=84), daily hassles and uplifts (4*60=240), Freiburg Personality Inventory (4*138=552), smoking and drinking habits (4*16=64), demographic variables (4*6=24), time needed to fill out the questionnaire (4*1=4) |
| MD5 Hash | d34f744c971e7f9bd69be4b59f1ca8b6 |
| Description | File Name |
|---|---|
| German codebook of the primary data set srrf91en15_pd.txt | srrf91en15_kb.txt |
| Transformation instructions of the derived variables in srrf91en15_ad.txt | srrf91en15_aa.txt |
| Publications Directly Related to the Dataset |
|---|
| Eid, M. & Langeheine, R. (1999). The measurement of consistency and occasion specificity with latent class models: A new model and its application to the measurement of affect. Psychological Methods, 4, 100-116.Datensatz 0132294 |
| Eid, M. (1997). Happiness and satisfaction: An application of a latent state-trait model for ordinal variables. In J. Rost & R. Langeheine (Eds.), Applications of latent trait and latent class models in the social sciences (pp. 148-154). Münster: Waxmann.Datensatz 0103644 |
| Eid, M., Notz, P., Schwenkmezger, P. & Steyer, R. (1994). Sind Stimmungsdimensionen monopolar? Ein Überblick über empirische Befunde und Untersuchungen mit faktorenanalytischen Modellen für kontinuierliche und kategoriale Variablen sowie neuere Ergebnisse. Zeitschrift für Differentielle und Diagnostische Psychologie, 15, 211-233.Datensatz 0091004 |
| Eid, M., Notz, P., Steyer, R. & Schwenkmezger, P. (1994). Validating scales for the assessment of mood level and variability by latent state-trait analyses. Personality and Individual Differences, 16, 63-76.Datensatz 0080795 |
| Eid, M., Steyer, R. & Schwenkmezger, P. (1996). Ein Latent-State-Trait-Modell für Variablen mit geordneten Antwortkategorien und seine Anwendung zur Analyse der Variabilitätssensitivität von Stimmungsitems. Diagnostica, 42, 293-312.Datensatz 0107350 |
| Schmidt-Atzert, L. & Steyer, R. (1993). Spezielle Probleme der Mehrdimensionalen Befindensmessung. In L. Montada (Hrsg.), Bericht über den 38. Kongreß der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Psychologie in Trier 1992. Bd.2 (S. 950-951). Göttingen: Hogrefe.Datensatz 0068863 |
| Steyer, R. & Schmidt-Atzert, L. (1993). Allgemeine Probleme der Mehrdimensionalen Befindensmessung. In L. Montada (Hrsg.), Bericht über den 38. Kongreß der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Psychologie in Trier 1992. Bd.2 (S. 978-981). Göttingen: Hogrefe.Datensatz 0068863 |
| Steyer, R., Eid, M. & Schwenkmezger, P. (1997). Modeling true intraindividual change: True change as a latent variable. MPR-online, 1997, 2.Datensatz 0114748 |
| Steyer, R., Schwenkmezger, O., Notz, P. & Eid, M. (1997). Der Mehrdimensionale Befindlichkeitsfragebogen (MDBF). Göttingen: Hogrefe.Datensatz 9002485 |
| Steyer, R., Schwenkmezger, P., Eid, M. & Notz, P. (1991). Befindlichkeitsmessung und Latent-State-Trait-Modelle. Arbeitsbericht zum DFG-Projekt "STE 411/3-1", Trier. Verfügbar unter URL: http://www2.uni-jena.de/svw/metheval/materialien/ ges7/ZwischenberichtStufe1.html (04.06.2003). |
| Steyer, R., Schwenkmezger, P., Notz, P. & Eid, M. (1994). Testtheoretische Analysen des Mehrdimensionalen Befindlichkeitsfragebogens (MDBF). Diagnostica, 1994, 40, 320-328.Datensatz 0088394 |
| Utilized Test Methods |
|---|
| Bohner, G., Schwarz, N. & Hormuth, S. E. (1989). Die Stimmungs-Skala: Eine deutsche Version des "Mood Survey" von Underwood und Froming (ZUMA-Arbeitsbericht Nr. 89/06). Mannheim: ZUMA. Datensatz 0036011 |
| Fahrenberg, J. (1975). Die Freiburger Beschwerdenliste FBL. Zeitschrift für klinische Psychologie, 4, 79-100. (abgeänderte Form) |
| Fahrenberg, J., Hampel, R. & Selg, H. (1984). Das Freiburger Persönlichkeitsinventar (FPI und FPI-R). Handbuch (4. Aufl.). Göttingen: Hogrefe.Datensatz 9001360 |
| Filipp, S. H. & Freudenberg, E. (1989). Fragebogen zur Erfassung dispositionaler Selbstaufmerksamkeit (SAM-Fragebogen). Göttingen: Hogrefe. Datensatz 9002131 |
| Lazarus, R. S. & Cohen, J. B. (1977). Coping questionnaire. The hassles scale. The uplift scale: Unpublished paper. Berkeley: University of California. (deutsche Übersetzung) |
| Steyer, R., Schwenkmezger, O., Notz, P. & Eid, M. (1997). Der Mehrdimensionale Befindlichkeitsfragebogen (MDBF). Göttingen: Hogrefe. Datensatz 9002485 |
| Further Reading |
|---|
| Eid, M. (1995). Modelle der Messung von Personen in Situationen. Weinheim: Psychologie Verlags Union.Datensatz 0091434 |
| Schimmack, U. (1998). Der Mehrdimensionale Befindlichkeitsfragebogen (MDBF). Rolf Steyer, Peter Schwenkmezger, Peter Notz und Michael Eid. Diagnostica, 44, 166-168. |
| Steyer, R., Ferring, D. & Schmitt, M. (1992). States and traits in psychological assessment. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 8, 79-98.Datensatz 0078800 |